John Harrison was a horologist who is best known for revolutionizing long-distance seafaring in the 18th century by inventing the marine chronometer, which solved the problem of calculating longitude while sailing on the ocean.

• Inventor
  (1693–1776)

Elizabeth I was the long-ruling queen of England, governing with relative stability and prosperity for 44 years. The Elizabethan era is named for her.

• Queen
  (1533–1603)

Jules Verne was a 19th century French author whose revolutionary science-fiction novels, including Around the World in Eighty Days and Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, have entranced readers for more than a century.

• Author
  (1828–1905)

Mary of Teck became Queen Mary, consort of King George V. She was the mother of kings Edward VIII and George VI, and the grandmother of Queen Elizabeth II.

• Queen
  (1867–1953)

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was a famed 19th century scholar, novelist and poet, known for works like 'Voices of the Night,' 'Evangeline' and 'The Song of Hiawatha.'

• Poet, Author
  (1807–1882)

Comedian and actor Garry Shandling was best known as the star of HBO's 'The Larry Sanders Show,' an award-winning parody of a late-night talk show.

• Comedian
  (1949–2016)

Dutch soccer great Johan Cryuff won three European Player of the Year awards and led FC Barcelona to multiple titles as a manager.

• Soccer Player
  (1947–2016)

Actor Richard Widmark had a long and successful film career and is best known for his shocking debut as a psychopath in Kiss of Death.

• Television Actor, Film Actor
  (1914–2008)

John Millington Synge was a playwright and a leading figure of the Irish literary renaissance. He wrote Playboy of the Western World, drawing on everyday life.

• Playwright
  (1871–1909)

German chemist Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner's observation of similarities among certain elements anticipated the development of the periodic system of elements.

• Scientist, Chemist
  (1780–1849)

Joseph Kasavubu was the first president of the independent Congo republic from 1960 to 1965, who shortly after independence ousted the Congo's first premier.

• President (non-U.S.)
  (c. 1910–1969)

César Milstein developed monoclonal antibody production and received a Nobel Prize in 1984. Monoclonal antibodies are used in pregnancy tests and diagnosing diseases.

• Scientist, Immunologist
  (1927–2002)

An early 20th century filmmaking pioneer and one of the first to make a narrative fiction film, Alice Guy-Blaché made more than 1,000 films and ran her own film studio in New Jersey, experimenting with sound syncing, color tinting, interracial casting and special effects.

• Director, Screenwriter, Producer
  (1873–1968)