Actor Gene Wilder made his first huge splash as the title character in Mel Stuart's film adaptation of 'Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory.'

• Actor, Comedian, Author
  (1933–2016)

Spanish missionary Juniper Serra established his first U.S. mission in 1769. He built eight more California missions over the next thirteen years. He was granted sainthood in 2015.

• Missionary, Saint
  (c. 1713–c. 1784)

The brutal abduction and murder of 14-year-old Emmett Till on August 28, 1955, galvanized the emerging Civil Rights Movement.

• (1941–1955)

Hilly Kristal was a musician and vocalist who ran the legendary punk/rock venue CBGB, helping to launch the careers of acts like Patti Smith and Blondie.

• Singer
  (1931–2007)

Beginning with his work on New York City's new Central Park in the 1850s, Frederick Law Olmsted helped establish the field of landscape architecture in America and designed many parks in the U.S.

• Architect, Writer
  (1822–1903)

William Lyon Mackenzie was a journalist and political agitator who led an unsuccessful revolt against the Canadian government in 1837.

• Publisher, Journalist
  (1795–1861)

American motion-picture director whose dramas, including The Maltese Falcon and The African Queen, are some of the most popular films of all time.

• Director, Film Actor
  (1906–1987)