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The presidents of the twentieth century faced far different challenges than their predecessors, as America grew into a superpower and faced formidable rivals abroad.  Test your knowledge of these leaders of the free world.
1. Teddy Roosevelt suffered from what ailment as a child?
a. polio
b. making long-term foreign alliances
c. asthma
d. attention deficit disorder
2. What was Woodrow Wilson's major slogan in his campaign for re-election in 1916?
a. "Wilson for Victory"
b. "He kept us out of the war"
c. "Fourteen Points of Light"
d. "If we cut and run now, Belgium will become a haven for terrorists!"
3. Franklin Delano Roosevelt's political prestige took a large blow in 1937, when he attempted, unsuccessfully, to pass a law that would allow him to do what?
a. serve a fifth term
b. add five extra judges to the Supreme Court
c. create a fifth branch of the Armed Forces to enforce the New Deal at home
d. repeal the right of Habeus Corpus and legalize torture
4. As a young man, Harry S. Truman managed to enlist in the Armed Forces despite what handicap (and how did he do it)?
a. bad eyesight (by secretly memorizing the eye chart)
b. a club foot (by wearing a fake foot over his real one)
c. a weak heart (by drinking a pot of coffee before his physical)
d. asthma (his doctor removed it from his record for him)
5. What was the "Eisenhower Doctrine" of president Dwight D. Eisenhower?
a. to stop communism from spreading through Greece and Turkey
b. to stop communism from spreading through the Middle East
c. to stop communism from spreading through Southeast Asia
d. to stop communism from spreading through Joseph McCarthy's overactive imagination
6. Which of the following did NOT happen during John F. Kennedy's presidency?
a. the failed Bay of Pigs invasion
b. the Cuban Missile crisis
c. the building of the Berlin Wall
d. the landing of the first man on the moon
7. What was the "Nixon Doctrine," put forward by President Richard M. Nixon at a press conference in Guam in 1969?
a. that China was to become a trading partner of the United States
b. that all a President's actions are ipso facto legal
c. that the U.S. would stand down as the Vietnamese stood up
d. that he would not return his illegally donated dog, "Checkers"
8. Why did President Gerald R. Ford change his birth name, Leslie Lynch King?
a. because Leslie was also a woman's name and earned him constant disrespect
b. because "Lynch" had too many negative associations for a political career
c. because his father, who was his namesake, was abusive
d. because his mother changed it after remarrying a man of that name
9. One of Jimmy Carter's most important achievements as president, the Camp David Accords, accomplished what?
a. established a lasting peace between Israel and Egypt
b. increased trade with the Soviet Union
c. greatly reduced American energy consumption
d. achieved the release of hostages from Iran
10. What was the change to the national debt under President Ronald Reagan?
a. it was nearly paid off
b. it was cut in half (as a share of GDP)
c. it remained about the same (adjusted for inflation)
d. it approximately doubled (as a share of GDP)

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