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Quick Facts
- NAME: Napoleon III
- OCCUPATION: Military Leader, Emperor
- BIRTH DATE: April 20, 1808
- DEATH DATE: January 09, 1873
- PLACE OF BIRTH: Paris, France
- PLACE OF DEATH: Chislehurst, London, England, United Kingdom
- AKA: Louis-Napoleon
- AKA: Napoleon III
- Originally: Charles-Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte
- AKA: Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte
Best Known For
Napoleon III, the nephew of Napoleon I, was emperor of France from 1852 to 1870. His downfall came during the Franco-Prussian War, when his efforts to defeat Otto Von Bismarck ended in his capture.
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Play NowNapoleon III. (2013). The Biography Channel website. Retrieved 01:15, May 19, 2013, from http://www.biography.com/people/napoleon-iii-9420342.
Napoleon III. [Internet]. 2013. The Biography Channel website. Available from: http://www.biography.com/people/napoleon-iii-9420342 [Accessed 19 May 2013].
"Napoleon III." 2013. The Biography Channel website. May 19 2013, 01:15 http://www.biography.com/people/napoleon-iii-9420342.
"Napoleon III," The Biography Channel website, 2013, http://www.biography.com/people/napoleon-iii-9420342 [accessed May 19, 2013].
"Napoleon III," The Biography Channel website, http://www.biography.com/people/napoleon-iii-9420342 (accessed May 19, 2013).
Napoleon III [Internet]. The Biography Channel website; 2013 [cited 2013 May 19] Available from: http://www.biography.com/people/napoleon-iii-9420342.
Napoleon III, http://www.biography.com/people/napoleon-iii-9420342 (last visited May 19, 2013).
Napoleon III. The Biography Channel website. 2013. Available at: http://www.biography.com/people/napoleon-iii-9420342. Accessed May 19, 2013.
Internally, however, a deterioration in the economy caused unrest among the middle and working classes, who joined the Catholics to become a steadily growing oppositional force. Napoleon III put forth many concessions (freedom of coalition, freedom of assembly, liberalization of the press laws), but they were hampered by too many reservations and came too late, and by the 1869 elections, he realized that change in France, at his expense, was inevitable.
Contents
The Franco-Prussian War & End of Reign
Napoleon III saw France's dominance in Europe eroded by Prussia's decisive victory over Austria in the Austro-Prussian War during the summer of 1866, and in 1870, when goaded by the actions of Prussian prime minister Otto von Bismarck, Napoleon III began the Franco-Prussian War (also called the Franco-German War).
The war was an unmitigated disaster for France and for Napoleon III personally, and it was instrumental in the creation of the German Empire, which would replace France as the major land power on the European continent until the end of World War I. During the Battle of Sedan in July 1870, Napoleon III was captured by the Germans. He was deposed two days later, and the Third Republic of France was declared.
Released by the Germans in 1871, Napoleon III moved to England, where he would spend his final years. He continued to write, and even thought of returning to France to regain his throne. Less than three years after his release by Germany, Napoleon III underwent an operation to extract bladder stones. He died shortly thereafter, on January 9, 1873, in Chislehurst, London, England.
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