Quick Facts
- NAME: Hermann Hesse
- OCCUPATION: Author, Poet
- BIRTH DATE: July 02, 1877
- DEATH DATE: August 09, 1962
- PLACE OF BIRTH: Calw, Germany
- PLACE OF DEATH: Montagnola, Switzerland
Best Known For
Hermann Hesse was a German-born Swiss author and poet. He is best-known for writing the novels Steppenwolf, Siddhartha, and The Glass Bead Game.
Hermann Hesse. (2012). Biography.com. Retrieved 02:15, Feb 09, 2012 from http://www.biography.com/people/hermann-hesse-9337513
Hermann Hesse [Internet]. 2012. http://www.biography.com/people/hermann-hesse-9337513, February 09
" Hermann Hesse." 2012. Biography.com 09 Feb 2012, 02:15 http://www.biography.com/people/hermann-hesse-9337513
' Hermann Hesse', Biography.com,(2012) http://www.biography.com/people/hermann-hesse-9337513 [accessed Feb 09, 2012]
" Hermann Hesse," Biography.com, http://www.biography.com/people/hermann-hesse-9337513 (accessed Feb 09, 2012).
Hermann Hesse [Internet]. Biography.com; 2012 [cited 2012 Feb 09]. Available from: http://www.biography.com/people/hermann-hesse-9337513.
Hermann Hesse, http://www.biography.com/people/hermann-hesse-9337513 (last visited Feb 09, 2012).
Hermann Hesse, http://www.biography.com/people/hermann-hesse-9337513 (last visited Feb 09, 2012).
Synopsis
Contents
(born July 2, 1877, Calw, Ger.—died Aug. 9, 1962, Montagnola, Switz.) German novelist, poet, and winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1946, whose main theme deals with man's breaking out of the established modes of civilization to find his essential spirit. With his appeal for self-realization and his celebration of Eastern mysticism, Hesse posthumously became a cult figure to young people in the English-speaking world.
At the behest of his father, Hesse entered the Maulbronn seminary. Though a model student, he was unable to adapt, so he was apprenticed in a Calw tower-clock factory and later in a Tbingen bookstore. His disgust with conventional schooling was expressed in the novel Unterm Rad (1906; Beneath the Wheel), in which an overly diligent student is driven to self-destruction.
Hesse remained in the bookselling business until 1904, when he became a freelance writer and brought out his first novel, Peter Camenzind, about a failed and dissipated writer. The inward and outward search of the artist is further explored in Gertrud (1910) and Rosshalde (1914). A visit to India in these years was later reflected in Siddhartha (1922), a poetic novel, set in India at the time of the Buddha, about the search for enlightenment.
During World War I, Hesse lived in neutral Switzerland, wrote denunciations of militarism and nationalism, and edited a journal for German war prisoners and internees. He became a permanent resident of Switzerland in 1919 and a citizen in 1923, settling in Montagnola.
A deepening sense of personal crisis led Hesse to psychoanalysis with J.B. Lang, a disciple of Carl Gustav Jung. The influence of analysis appears in Demian (1919), an examination of the achievement of self-awareness by a troubled adolescent. This novel had a pervasive effect on a troubled Germany and made its author famous. Hesse's later work shows his interest in Jungian concepts of introversion and extraversion, the collective unconscious, idealism, and symbols. The duality of man's nature preoccupied Hesse throughout the rest of his career.
Der Steppenwolf (1927; Steppenwolf) describes the conflict between bourgeois acceptance and spiritual self-realization in a middle-aged man. In Narziss und Goldmund (1930; Narcissus and Goldmund), an intellectual ascetic who is content with established religious faith is contrasted with an artistic sensualist pursuing his own form of salvation. In his last and longest novel, Das Glasperlenspiel (1943; English titles The Glass Bead Game and Magister Ludi), Hesse
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