1922-2007
1508-1580
Famed pianist and composer Eddie Palmieri won nine Grammy Awards throughout his career, for albums like The Sun of Latin Music, Solito and Masterpiece.
1936-
1958-
Sean Parker is an entrepreneur who co-founded the music file-sharing service Napster and was the founding president of Facebook.
1979-
Gordon Parks was an African-American photographer, filmmaker and author, best known for his work published in LIFE magazine and for directing the hit movie Shaft.
1912-2006
Ann Patchett is an American novelist best known for her PEN/Faulkner Award-winning novel Bel Canto.
1963-
As head football coach at Pennsylvania State University, Joe Paterno was one of the most successful coaches in the history of collegiate football.
1926-2012
1844-1922
Attorney and politician Tim Pawlenty is a former Republican Minnesota state senator, and served as governor of Minnesota from 2003 to 2009.
1960-
1683-1746
Stone Phillips is a television personality and reporter, best known as the host of Dateline NBC and guest host for other NBC shows.
1954-
1811-1884
Édith Piaf, also known as “The Little Sparrow,” was a French singer who became an icon of France during World War II.
1915-1963
Franklin Pierce, the 14th president of the United States, signed the Kansas-Nebraska Act, prompting a bloody conflict over Kansas' slavery status.
1804-1869
Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet overthrew the Allende government in 1973 and stayed in power until 1998. He was never tried for alleged human rights abuses.
1915-2006
Oscar Pistorius, the "Blade Runner," is a South African sprint runner who became the first amputee to compete in the Olympics in 2012. In 2013, Pistorius admitted to shooting and killing his girlfriend, South African model Reeva Steenkamp.
1986-
Mobster Thomas Pitera was a hitman for the Gambino and Bonanno organized crime families. Notorious for his brutal crimes, he is nicknamed “The Butcher.”
1954-
Actor and producer Brad Pitt is a Golden Globe and Academy Award nominee and a two-time winner of People magazine's "Sexiest Man Alive" title (1995 and 2000.)
1963-
1929-
1912-2007
1974-
Jorge Mario Bergoglio was elected the 266th pope of the Roman Catholic Church in March 2013, becoming Pope Francis. He is the first pope from the Americas.
1936-
Senator Rob Portman of Ohio is an influential Republican politician who served as President George W. Bush's budget chief from 2006 to 2007.
1955-
Adam Clayton Powell Jr. was a 20th century clergyman and U.S. representative who was a major force in establishing civil rights for African Americans.
1908-1972
1906-1986
Louis Prima was an influential jazz trumpeter, singer and composer known for songs like "Sing, Sing, Sing," "Angelina," "Buona Sera" and "Jump, Jive an' Wail."
1911-1978
1963-
Richard Pryor was a groundbreaking African-American comedian and one of the top entertainers of the 1970s and '80s.
1940-2005
Czech experimental physiologist Johannes Purkinje discovered the Purkinje effect, Purkinje cells and Purkinje fibers and first introduced the term protoplasm.
1787-1869
Jacques Pépin is a chef and the host of cooking shows on public television. He is also an author, columnist and former guest judge on the Bravo show Top Chef.
1935-
Mary Queen of Scots is one of the most fascinating and controversial monarchs of the 16th century who claimed the crowns of four nations in her lifetime.
1542-1587
British athlete Paula Radcliffe is one of the elite runners competing today, having set and broken her own record in the women's marathon.
1973-
Indian cult leader Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh created the spiritual practice of dynamic meditation. He started the Rancho Rajneesh commune in Oregon in the 1980s.
1931-1990
Lou Rawls was a singer and songwriter known for his baritone voice and the small acting roles he took on the side.
1933-2006
Harry Reid is a Democratic U.S. senator from Nevada. He was elected Senate majority leader in 2008.
1939-
Actress Lee Remick appeared with Andy Griffith in Elia Kazan's A Face in the Crowd and starred opposite Jack Lemmon in Days of Wine and Roses.
1935-1991
American actor Giovanni Ribisi has been known for playing a range of quirky characters on television and in movies of various genres since the 1990s.
1974-
Musician Charlie Rich had several No. 1 country songs in the 1970s, including "Behind Closed Doors" and "The Most Beautiful Girl."
1932-1995
Little Richard is a flamboyant American singer and pianist whose hit songs in the mid 1950s were defining moments in the development of rock ‘n’ roll.
1932-
Chemist, sanitation engineer, and home economist Ellen Richards opened scientific education and professions to women when she started teaching at MIT in 1884.
1842-1911
Guitarist Keith Richards is one of the driving forces behind the Rolling Stones, the self-proclaimed "World's Greatest Rock & Roll Band."
1943-
Branch Rickey was an innovative baseball executive known for his groundbreaking 1945 decision to bring Jackie Robinson into the major leagues, thereby breaking the color barrier.
1881-1965
Cathy Rigby is best known as a medal-winning American gymnast and Tony nominated actress for her theatrical production in Peter Pan.
1952-
1875-1926
Charles Ringling co-founded the Ringling Bros., and later co-owned the Barnum & Bailey Circus.
1863-1926
Painter and muralist Diego Rivera sought to make art that reflected the lives of the working class and native peoples of Mexico.
1886-1957
In the 1990s, Robin Roberts began hosting Sportscenter and appearing as a guest reporter on Good Morning America. In 2005, she was hired as a full-time co-anchor of the morning news program.
1960-
Hall of Fame basketball guard Oscar Robertson played 14 NBA seasons. He averaged more than 25 points per game and retired as the league’s all-time assist leader.
1938-
1893-1973
Aaron Rodgers is quarterback for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League. He steered the franchise to victory in Super Bowl XLVII.
1983-
American actor and comedian Ray Romano is best known for his CBS hit Everybody Loves Raymond in which Raymond plays a father and husband.
1957-
1876-1977
1830-1894
Debbie Rowe is known as the surrogate mother for two of pop star Michael Jackson's children.
1958-
1954-
1903-1997
Mark Ruffalo is an actor who has become known most recently for his portrayal of Bruce Banner/The Hulk in the movie The Avengers.
1967-
Prince Rupert, a 17th century soldier, statesman and scientist, is best known for his talent as a Royalist commander of the English Civil War (1642 - 1651).
1619-1682
Lillian Russell was a singer and actress who first made her mark in the 1881 film Grand Mogul.
1861-1922
1969-
Madame de Récamier was a Parisian hostess who attracted her time's literary and political big wigs and inspired the wrath of Napoleon.
1777-1849
1891-1970
Olympic gymnast Alicia Sacramone has won dozens of World Championship and U.S. National Championship medals—competing with such teammates as Nastia Liukin and Shawn Johnson—and won a silver medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics.
1987-
William Safire was a writer whose column "On Language" was a long-running feature of The New York Times Magazine.
1929-2009
Charles Schulz was a cartoonist best known for creating the one of the world's most successful comic strips, Peanuts.
1922-2000
Ridley Scott is an English director and producer, whose notable hits include Thelma and Louise, Gladiator and Black Hawk Down. He is also recognized as the older brother of director Tony Scott, who committed suicide in August 2012.
1937-
1863-1914
Monica Seles is a former No. 1-ranked women's tennis player with nine Grand Slam titles. She is also an author and speaker, and competed on Dancing with the Stars in 2008.
1973-
Spanish missionary Juniper Serra established his first U.S. mission in 1769. He built eight more California missions over the next thirteen years.
1713-1784
1951-
1859-1891
Amanda Seyfried is an American actress best known for her roles in Mean Girls and Mamma Mia! She is considered one of Hollywood’s up-and-coming actresses.
1985-
1949-
Catherine Share, a member of Charles Manson's "Family," was not involved in the infamous Tate/LaBianca murders, but was implicated in lesser plots inspired by Manson.
1942-
1923-1987
American comedian Sarah Silverman is best known for her controversial statements and performances on her one-woman show, Jesus is Magic.
1970-
English musician Paul Simonon was bass player for the punk rock band The Clash.
1955-
Frank Sinatra was one of the most popular entertainers of the 20th century, forging a career as an award-winning singer and film actor.
1915-1998
Nikki Sixx founded and played bass in the heavy metal band Mötley Crüe. He has written two autobiographies, and hosts the radio show Sixx Sense.
1958-
Jeffrey Skilling was the CEO of the energy company Enron who was found guilty of multiple counts of fraud and insider trading.
1953-
Anna Nicole Smith gained early fame as a model for Guess and Playboy magazine, and later became known for her marriage to 89-year-old oil tycoon J. Howard Marshall II.
1967-2007
1897-1995
1918-1978
1918-2008
Trey Songz is a Grammy Award-nominated singer-songwriter known for hits like "Can't Help but Wait."
1984-
1910-1969
Britney Spears has been one of the most successful—and sometimes controversial—solo acts in popular music. More recently, she began hosting The X Factor.
1981-
In 1966, Richard Speck committed one of the most horrifying mass murders in American history when he brutalized and killed eight student nurses living on Chicago's South Side.
1941-1991
Academy Award-winning filmmaker, director and producer Steven Spielberg's films include Jaws, The Color Purple and Schindler's List.
1946-
Lesley Stahl is an award-winning television journalist. She's served as co-editor of 60 Minutes and anchored the news program 48 Hours Investigates.
1941-
Joseph Stalin ruled the Soviet Union for more than two decades, instituting a reign of terror while modernizing Russia and helping to defeat Nazism.
1878-1953
Edwin Stanton served as secretary of war under President Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War. He later served under President Andrew Johnson.
1814-1869
After murdering a gas station attendant in 1957, Nebraska native Charles Starkweather embarked on a murderous rampage with girlfriend Caril Ann Fugate in 1958. Together, they killed 10 people.
1938-1959
A career criminal romanticized as the last of a breed of Old West outlaws, Cherokee Bad Boy Henry Starr earned the distinction of having robbed more banks in the Old West than all other famous bank-robbing gangs combined.
1873-1921
Actor and lawyer Ben Stein was a speech writer for Richard Nixon, but is best known as the economics teacher in Ferris Bueller's Day Off.
1944-
1805-1852
1904-1975
Jon Stewart is the host of Comedy Central's The Daily Show with Jon Stewart, which dubs itself "the most trusted name in fake news" and has run for nearly 20 seasons.
1962-
Actor and director Ben Stiller is responsible for such funny films as There's Something About Mary, Zoolander, and Meet the Fockers.
1965-