a
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Agustín I
Military Leader, Emperor / 1783 - 1824
Agustin de Iturbide was a Mexican military chieftain who was the leader of the conservative factions in the Mexican independence movement and emperor of Mexico.
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(1783-1824)
Military Leader, Emperor
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Akbar the Great
Political Leader, Emperor / 1542 - 1605
Akbar the Great, Muslim emperor of India, established a sprawling kingdom through military conquests, but is known for his policy of religious tolerance.
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(1542-1605)
Political Leader, Emperor
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Akihito
Political Leader, Emperor / 1933 -
Akihito has been emperor of Japan since 1989 and is, according to tradition, the 125th direct descendant of Jimmu, Japan's legendary first emperor.
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(1933-)
Political Leader, Emperor
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Atahualpa
Emperor / 1502 - 1533
Atahualpa was the last Inca ruler, executed by Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro in 1533, marking the end of the Inca empire.
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(1502-1533)
Emperor
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Caesar Augustus
Emperor / 63 - 14
Caesar Augustus, or Octavian, became the first emperor of the Roman Empire after Julius Caesar died. The country was peaceful under Augustus's rule.
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(63-14)
Emperor
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Marcus Aurelius
Scholar, Military Leader, Political Leader, Emperor / 121 - 180
As Emperor of Rome from 161-180, Marcus Aurelius kept the empire safe from the Parthians and Germans, but is best known for his intellectual pursuits.
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(121-180)
Scholar, Military Leader, Political Leader, Emperor
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Jean-Bédel Bokassa
Military Leader, World Leader, Emperor / 1921 - 1996
Jean-Bedel Bokassa was the president of the Central African Republic (1966-1976) and a self-proclaimed emperor of the Central African Empire (1976-1979).
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(1921-1996)
Military Leader, World Leader, Emperor
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Napoleon
Military Leader, Political Leader, Emperor / 1769 - 1821
Napoleon Bonaparte was a military general who became the first emperor of France. His drive for military expansion changed the world.
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(1769-1821)
Military Leader, Political Leader, Emperor
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Caligula
Emperor / 12 - 41
Gaius Caesar, known as Caligula, succeeded Tiberius and served as Roman emperor from 37 to 41 A.D.
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(12-41)
Emperor
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Charlemagne
Political Leader, Emperor, King / 742 - 814
Charlemagne was the founder of the Carolingian Empire, best known for uniting Western Europe for the first time since the fall of the Roman Empire.
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(742-814)
Political Leader, Emperor, King
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Charles
Military Leader, Duke, Emperor / 1319 - 1364
Charles of Blois was a rival duke of Brittany in the mid-1300s.
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(1319-1364)
Military Leader, Duke, Emperor
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Charles I of Austria
Emperor, King / 1887 - 1922
Charles I was a monarch of the Hapsburg line who was the last emperor of Austria and king of Hungary. He lost his throne at the end of World War I.
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(1887-1922)
Emperor, King
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Constantine I
General, Political Leader, Religious Leader, Emperor / 280 - 337
Constantine I was the first Christian Roman Emperor. He ruled at the beginning of the 4th century and began the evolution of the empire into a Christian state.
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(280-337)
General, Political Leader, Religious Leader, Emperor
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Cuauhtémoc
Folk Hero, Military Leader, Emperor / 1495 - 1525
Cuauhtémoc was the last Aztec Emperor, ruling from 1520 to 1521. He was tortured and killed by the Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés in 1522.
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(1495-1525)
Folk Hero, Military Leader, Emperor
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Jean-Jacques Dessalines
General, Dictator, Emperor / 1758 - 1806
Jean-Jacques Dessalines was a military leader who worked with Toussaint l'Ouverture and gave the country of Haiti its name.
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(1758-1806)
General, Dictator, Emperor
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Domitian
Emperor / 51 - 96
Domitian was a Roman emperor from years AD 81 to 96 and was known for the reign of terror members of the Senate lived under in his last years.
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(51-96)
Emperor
f
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Francis I
Duke, Emperor / 1708 - 1765
Francis I married Maria Theresa and became the grand duke of Tuscany. She helped him assume the title of Holy Roman emperor in 1745.
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(1708-1765)
Duke, Emperor
h
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Hadrian
Military Leader, Emperor / 76 - 138
Born in 76 AD, Hadrian succeeded Trajan as Roman emperor in 117 AD and strove to unify and consolidate Rome's vast empire.
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(76-138)
Military Leader, Emperor
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Henry IV
Emperor, King / 1050 - 1106
Henry IV Holy Roman Emperor became king of Germany in 1056 and was abdicated in 1105. He overthrew Pope Gregory VII because of a disagreement about imperial rule.
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(1050-1106)
Emperor, King
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Henry V
Emperor, King / 1086 - 1125
Henry V served as joint king of Germany with Henry IV until he forced his father to abdicate the throne. Holy Roman emperor from 1111 to 1125, he was the last of the Salian line.
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(1086-1125)
Emperor, King
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Henry VI
Emperor, King / 1165 - 1197
Henry VI was the German king and Holy Roman emperor (1165-1197). His main achievement was increasing his dynasty's power by acquiring of the kingdom of Sicily.
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(1165-1197)
Emperor, King
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Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor
Political Leader, Emperor, King / 1275 - 1313
Henry VII became the first House of Luxembourg member to serve as king of Germany in 1308. In 1312, he became the House of Luxembourg's first Holy Roman Emperor.
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(1275-1313)
Political Leader, Emperor, King
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Hirohito
Emperor / 1901 - 1989
Hirohito is best known for being Japan's longest-reigning emperor. His reign lasted from 1926 until his death in 1989. He was a controversial leader who led Japan's military to surrender to the Allied Forces in 1945.
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(1901-1989)
Emperor
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Joseph II
Political Leader, Emperor / 1741 - 1790
Holy Roman emperor Joseph II tried to strengthen the Habsburg empire with his enlightened reforms, but the changes he made were met with fierce opposition.
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(1741-1790)
Political Leader, Emperor
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Kublai Khan
General, Political Leader, Emperor / 1215 - 1294
Mongolian general and statesman Kublai Khan was the grandson of Genghis Khan. He conquered China, founding and becoming the first emperor of the country's Yuan Dynasty.
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(1215-1294)
General, Political Leader, Emperor
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Leopold I
Emperor / 1640 - 1705
Leopold I was Holy Roman emperor during whose lengthy reign Austria emerged from a series of struggles to become a great European power.
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(1640-1705)
Emperor
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Leopold II
Emperor / 1747 - 1792
Leopold II was Holy Roman emperor and one of the most capable of the 18th-century reformist rulers known as the “enlightened despots.”
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(1747-1792)
Emperor
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Le Loi
General, Emperor / 1428 - 1443
Vietnamese general and emperor Le Loi won back Vietnam’s independence from China and founded the Later Le dynasty, and became a hero of the medieval period.
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(1428-1443)
General, Emperor
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Louis I
Emperor / 778 - 840
Louis I succeeded his father, Charlemagne, as emperor, serving as ruler of the Franks for 26 years.
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(778-840)
Emperor
m
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Maximilian
Military Leader, Emperor / 1832 - 1867
Maximilian was the Archduke of Austria and the Emperor of Mexico from 1863-1867. He was executed in 1867 by President Benito Juárez's victorious forces.
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(1832-1867)
Military Leader, Emperor
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Maximilian II
Religious Leader, Emperor / 1527 - 1576
Maximilian II was Holy Roman emperor from 1564. His rule marked an interval of peace between Roman Catholics and Protestants in Germany during the Reformation.
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(1527-1576)
Religious Leader, Emperor
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Menelik II
Emperor / 1844 - 1913
Menelik II was king of Shewa and emperor of Ethiopia (1889). He expanded the empire, repelled an Italian invasion, and modernized Ethiopia.
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(1844-1913)
Emperor
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Montezuma II
Emperor / 1466 - 1520
Montezuma II was the last of the Aztec emperors, who was defeated by Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés in 1520.
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(1466-1520)
Emperor
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Napoleon III
Military Leader, Emperor / 1808 - 1873
Napoleon III, the nephew of Napoleon I, was emperor of France from 1852 to 1870. His downfall came during the Franco-Prussian War, when his efforts to defeat Otto Von Bismarck ended in his capture.
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(1808-1873)
Military Leader, Emperor
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Nero
Theater Actor, Musician, Political Leader, Emperor, Poet / 37 - 68
As Roman emperor, Nero’s reign was lavish and tyrannical. He killed his mother, persecuted Christians and is said to have "fiddled while Rome burned."
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(37-68)
Theater Actor, Musician, Political Leader, Emperor, Poet
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Paul I of Russia
Emperor / 1754 - 1801
Paul I of Russia served as the nation's emperor for a brief, tyrannical five years before he was assassinated 1801.
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(1754-1801)
Emperor
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Peter III
Emperor / 1728 - 1762
Peter III was the Emperor of Russia for a mere six months in 1762 before he was overthrown by his wife, Catherine the Great, and assassinated in 1762.
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(1728-1762)
Emperor
s
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Haile Selassie I
Emperor / 1892 - 1975
Emperor Haile Selassie I worked to modernize Ethiopia for several decades before famine and political opposition forced him from office in 1974.
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(1892-1975)
Emperor
t
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Tiberius
Military Leader, Emperor / 42 - 37
Tiberius was an ancient Roman emperor who ruled from year 14 to 37.
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(42-37)
Military Leader, Emperor
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Titus
Military Leader, Political Leader, Emperor / 39 - 81
Titus was Roman Emperor from 79-81 AD who--during his short reign--completed the Colosseum and dealt with the eruption of Mount Vesuvius.
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(39-81)
Military Leader, Political Leader, Emperor
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Wudi
Military Leader, Emperor / 1156 - 1987
Wudi was a Chinese emperor who vastly increased the authority of the Han dynasty and extended Chinese influence abroad.
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(1156-1987)
Military Leader, Emperor
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Yangdi
Emperor / 1569 - 1618
Yangdi was the second and penultimate emperor (604–617/618) of China’s Sui dynasty (581–618).
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(1569-1618)
Emperor