Mahmoud Abbas was elected president of the Palestinian Authority in 2005, and became the unofficial president of the State of Palestine in 2008.
1935-
Ralph D. Abernathy was a Baptist minister who co-founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and was a close adviser to Martin Luther King Jr.
1926-1990
Filipino leader Emilio Aguinaldo led his country to achieve independence after fighting off both the Spanish and the Americans.
1869-1964
Freema Agyeman is a British film and TV actress known for her starring roles on the series Law & Order: UK and Doctor Who.
1979-
Howard H. Aiken was a 20th century mathematician and engineer who came up with the idea behind the Mark I, a forerunner to modern computing devices.
1900-1973
Pulitzer Prize–winning playwright Edward Albee is best known for penning Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? and The Zoo Story.
1928-
Raúl Alfonsín was an Argentine lawyer, politician and is known best for being the first democratically elected president of Argentina.
1927-2009
The theme of being caught between two cultures is covered in writer Julia Alvarez's poetry and fiction, including How the García Girls Lost Their Accents.
1950-
Momofuku Ando was the founder of Nissin Food Products Company and the inventor of instant noodles.
1910-2007
Casey Anthony is best known for her connection to the mysterious disappearance of her daughter, Caylee Anthony.
1986-
Photographer Diane Arbus's distinctive portraits showed the world how crazy (and beautiful) New Yorkers were in the 1950s and '60s. She was married to actor Allan Arbus.
1923-1971
Actor and director Alan Arkin is a three-time Academy Award nominee, whose notable films include Catch-22 and Wait Until Dark.
1934-
Desi Arnaz was a Cuban-born actor and musician who is remembered for his marriage to Lucille Ball and their TV show, I Love Lucy.
1917-1986
Actor Tom Arnold was married to actress Roseanne Barr for four years and wrote for the sitcom Roseanne. He starred in the film True Lies (1994) and hosted The Best Damn Sports Show Period.
1959-
Shoko Asahara, founder of the religious cult Aum Shinrikyo, was convicted of masterminding the 1995 Sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway. He was sentenced to death in 2004.
1955-
Brooke Astor was a philanthropist who served on the boards of many cultural institutions, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
1902-2007
William Waldorf Astor was a wealthy descendant of John Jacob Astor who became a New York State senator and a member of the New York State Assembly.
1848-1919
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk was a revolutionary who helped establish the Republic of Turkey. He was Turkey's first president, and his reforms modernized the country.
1881-1938
Jessica Morales became famous in 1987, when, at 18 months old, she fell down a well in her aunt's backyard. She remained trapped for 58 hours while America watched on CNN.
1986-
A magnificent classical composer, Johann Sebastian Bach is revered through the ages for his work's musical complexities and stylistic innovations.
1685-1750
1938-
1911-2006
Javier Bardem is a Spanish actor, and the first Spaniard to be nominated for an Oscar. He played lead roles in Vicky Cristina Barcelona and Eat, Pray, Love.
1969-
1902-1988
Actress Adriana Barraza played Amelia in the award-winning film Babel. Her performance earned her an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress.
1956-
Outlaw Clyde Barrow and his partner, Bonnie, robbed banks and store owners during the Depression and were believed to be responsible for at least 13 murders.
1909-1934
1745-1803
Civil rights activist Marion S. Barry Jr. has served four terms as mayor of D.C., with his career surviving numerous scandals.
1936-
Billy Beane is a Major League Baseball executive known for his revolutionary style of management and the film based on his exploits, Moneyball.
1962-
Warren Beatty is an Oscar-winning director and actor known for such films as Bonnie and Clyde, Reds and Heaven Can Wait.
1937-
Cesare Beccaria was one of the greatest minds of the Age of Enlightenment in the 18th century. His writings on criminology and economics were well ahead of their time.
1738-1794
Harry Belafonte has achieved lasting fame for such songs as "The Banana Boat Song (Day-O)," and for his humanitarian work.
1927-
Alexander Graham Bell was one of the primary inventors of the telephone, did important work in communication for the deaf and held more than 18 patents.
1847-1922
1940-
Justin Bieber is a Canadian pop star who was discovered via YouTube. His debut album, My World, went platinum in the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom.
1994-
Jessica Biel is a Hollywood sex symbol and actress, known for her work in the series 7th Heaven and films like The Illusionist and Total Recall.
1982-
Osama bin Laden is a terrorist extremist who planned the attacks on the World Trade Center and is intent on driving Western influence from the Muslim world.
1957-2011
French actress Juliette Binoche is widely regarded as one of film's most respected actresses for the intelligence she has brought to her complex roles.
1964-
Actress Thora Birch earned her first starring film role in Monkey Trouble and got her big break in American Beauty. In 2001 she starred in Ghost World.
1982-
1964-
1749-1800
Ivan Boesky amassed a fortune of over $200 million in the 1980s before an insider trading scandal landed him with a $100 million fine and prison time.
1937-
One of Great Britain's leading male actors in the 1950s, Dirk Bogarde is known for his complex roles in the dark films Death in Venice (1912), Victim (1961) and The Night Porter (1974).
1921-1999
Chaz Bono is an Emmy-nominated media figure who, born the daughter of performers Sonny and Cher, has undergone gender reassignment
1969-
1903-1987
1914-2009
Leigh Bowery was an Australian fashion designer, club promoter and performance artist, known as the proprietor of the hedonistic London nightclub Taboo.
1961-1994
1817-1876
Don Brinkley is known for his work on several TV programs, including Wanted: Dead or Alive, The Untouchables and The Fugitive. He is the legal father of supermodel Christie Brinkley.
1921-2012
Acting since college, Connie Britton finally found real fame on television in her mid-30s with Friday Night Lights, American Horror Story and Nashville.
1967-
Matthew Broderick is an American actor who became a star with his role in Ferris Bueller's Day Off. He's also known for Broadway role in The Producers.
1962-
Willie Brown is a politician who became the first African-American speaker of the California State Assembly in 1980. He later served as mayor of San Francisco.
1934-
1806-1861
Formerly enslaved, Blanche K. Bruce made history as the first African American to serve a full term in the U.S. Senate.
1841-1898
1860-1925
1955-2005
1849-1926
Solomon Burke was an African-American soul singer who released a number of hits in the 1960s, including "Cry to Me" and "Got to Get You off My Mind."
1940-2010
Reggae musician Burning Spear, also known as Winston Rodney, OD, is a Bob Marley protégé whose hits include "Door Peep" and "Slavery Days."
1945-
Sir Richard Burton was a British explorer and linguist. He translated The Arabian Nights, and wrote extensively about his travels in Asia, Africa and America.
1821-1890
Painter John Butler Yeats was the father of poet William Butler Yeats and artist Jack Butler Yeats. His portrait of John O'Leary is considered his best work.
1839-1922
Actor James Caan gave an Oscar-nominated performance as Sonny Corleone in Coppola’s The Godfather and played a writer held hostage in Stephen King’s Misery.
1940-
Michael Caine is a beloved Oscar-winning actor known for his roles in films like Alfie, Hannah and Her Sisters and The Cider House Rules.
1933-
John C. Calhoun was an American congressman, secretary of war, seventh vice president, senator and secretary of state. He championed states' rights and slavery.
1782-1850
Simon Cameron was a Pennsylvania senator who later served as President Abraham Lincoln's secretary of war.
1799-1889
Joseph Campbell was a professor and author who focused on comparative folklore with books like The Power of Myth and The Hero With a Thousand Faces.
1904-1987
Former pro-tennis player Jennifer Capriati is known for her incredible comeback after several personal struggles. In 1990 she was the youngest player to ever be ranked in the Women's Tennis Association top ten.
1976-
With hits such as "Vision of Love" and "I Don't Wanna Cry," pop diva Mariah Carey holds the record for most No. 1 debuts in Billboard Hot 100 history.
1970-
Anita Carter is best known for singing with Mother Maybelle and the Carter Sisters, a family band of early country music.
1933-1999
1937-1988
Actress Keisha Castle-Hughes was selected from among several hundred children in Mt. Wellington, New Zealand to star as Pai in the acclaimed film Whale Rider.
1990-
Neville Chamberlain was the British Prime Minister as England entered World War II. He is known for his policy of "appeasement" towards Adolf Hitler's Nazi Germany.
1869-1940
Richard Chamberlain was a leading television heartthrob of the early 1960s, best known for his role as Dr. Kildare on the television show Dr. Kildare.
1934-
Lindy Chamberlain-Creighton is best known for the highly publicized case surrounding the 1980 disappearance of her daughter Azaria, in the Northern Territory of Australia.
1948-
1953-
American singer-songwriter Tracy Chapman received wide fame in the late 1980s and '90s with songs like "Give Me One Reason" and "Fast Car."
1964-
Jessica Chastain is an American actress who first gained widespread attention in 2011 for her work in Take Shelter, The Help and Terrence Malick’s Tree of Life.
1977-
Union leader and labor organizer Cesar Chavez dedicated his life to improving treatment, pay and working conditions for farm workers.
1927-1993
1968-
Considered Poland's greatest composer, Frédéric Chopin focused his efforts on piano composition and was highly influential.
1810-1849
Liz Claiborne was a fashion designer and icon who created a clothing empire. She's also the first woman to found a company (Liz Claiborne Inc.) that landed on the Fortune 500 list.
1929-2007
Guitarist and singer-songwriter Eric Clapton's 1992 single "Tears in Heaven" became a top five hit. It was written about the death of his son.
1945-
Technology entrepreneur James Clark started Silicon Graphics, launched Netscape with Marc Andreessen and created Healtheon, which merged with WebMD.
1944-
Adam Clayton is a Grammy Award-winning bass guitarist for the politically active rock and roll band U2.
1960-
The 22nd and 24th president, Grover Cleveland is the only POTUS to serve two nonconsecutive terms, as well as the first to be married in the White House.
1837-1908
Actress Glenn Close is best known for her many Oscar-nominated roles, like the psychotic mistress in the 1987 movie Fatal Attraction.
1947-
1935-2004
Ben Cohen is the co-founder of the ice cream company Ben & Jerry’s.
1951-
Nat King Cole became the first African-American performer to host a variety TV series in 1956. He's best known for his soft baritone voice and for singles like "The Christmas Song," "Mona Lisa" and "Nature Boy."
1919-1965
1930-
Scottish actor Robbie Coltrane is best known for his roles such as Hagrid the Giant in the Harry Potter series and Mr. Hyde in Van Helsing.
1950-
Grammy-award winning musician Ry Cooder has released multiple American-roots style records under his own name, and has also recorded with musicians worldwide.
1947-
Billy Corgan is an American musician best known as the lead vocalist and guitarist in the alternative rock band Smashing Pumpkins.
1967-
1930-2001
Howard Cosell was a sports broadcaster who had a distinctive and influential on-air personality.
1918-1995
Working with Bud Abbott, Lou Costello was part of one of most popular comedy duos of the 20th century.
1906-1959
1923-
Henry Cowell was an American pianist and experimental composer whose music influenced John Cage.
1897-1965
Graham Coxon is an English singer-songwriter, best known as the guitarist and backup vocalist for the alternative rock band Blur.
1969-
Daniel Craig is an English actor who has played a wide varity of roles but is best known for playing the most recent incarnation of James Bond.
1968-