Robert Adamson was a Scottish chemist and photographer who is best known for producing 2500 Calotype photographic prints with painter David Octavius Hill.
Clara Barton was an educator, nurse and founder of the American Red Cross.
Charles Baudelaire was a French poet best known for his controversial volume of poems, Les Fleurs du mal (The Flowers of Evil).
Elizabeth Blackwell was the first woman to graduate from medical school in the United States. She became a leading public health activist during her lifetime.
Sir Richard Burton was a British explorer and linguist. He translated The Arabian Nights, and wrote extensively about his travels in Asia, Africa and America.
French novelist Gustave Flaubert, born in 1821, is best known for his masterpiece Madame Bovary and is renowned as a classic French realist writer.
Alexander Gardner was a Scottish photographer who moved to the United States and took some of the most memorable photos of the American Civil War.
James Longstreet was the principle general of the Confederate Army during the American Civil War, serving under Robert E. Lee.
Charles Scribner co-founded the publishing house Baker & Scribner, which became Charles Scribner's Sons.
The son of Cornelius Vanderbilt, William Henry Vanderbilt was a railroad magnate who doubled his family's fortune.
Rudolf Virchow was a German pathologist and statesman, widely credited for his advancements in public health, particularly with his cell theory.