Dr. Dre biography

Synopsis

Early Years

Born Andre Romelle Young, Dr. Dre came from a musical background. Both of his parents were singers. His mother, Verna, quit her group, the Four Aces, shortly before Dre was born. His middle name comes from one of his father Theodore's bands, the Romells.

After his parents split up, Dre lived with his mother who remarried several times. They moved around frequently, and at one point lived at the Wilmington Arms housing project in the Compton area. At Centennial High School, Dre showed a talent for drafting, but he paid little attention to his other course work. He transferred to Fremont High School and then went to the Chester Adult School. But his interests didn't lie in schoolwork—he wanted to make music. Dre received a music mixer for Christmas in 1984 and soon turned his family's home into his studio. For hours on end, he would work his magic, taking pieces of different songs and sounds to make his own sound.

Dr. Dre started hanging out L.A. nightclub Eve After Dark, where eventually got his chance to work the turntables. He joined the World Class Wreckin' Cru, which performed in nightclubs, and developed the rap persona of Dr. Dre, the Master of Mixology. His new moniker was inspired in part by basketball star Julius "Dr. J." Erving.

A Leading Rap Pioneer

Dr. Dre teamed up with fellow rappers Eazy-E, Ice Cube, Yella, MC Ren, the Arabian Prince and the D.O.C. to form N.W.A. (Niggaz With Attitude) in 1985. With his new group, he was able to produce a more hard-hitting sound. N.W.A.'s lyrics were equally harsh and explicit, reflecting life on the streets.

The group's second album Straight Outta Compton (1988) sold more than 2 million copies and marked the arrival of a new genre—gangsta rap. One track, "F*** tha Police," ignited a firestorm of controversy. The song, which explored tensions between black youth and the police, was thought to incite violence. The FBI even sent a warning letter to Ruthless Records and its parent company about the song.

Breaking out on his own and on a new record label, Dr. Dre hit the top of the hip-hop charts with The Chronic on Death Row Records in 1992. The biggest single from the album was "Nuthin but a 'G' Thang," which featured Snoop Dogg, then a little-known rapper. With this latest release, Dr. Dre helped introduce a new style called G-funk, which incorporated musical samples and melodies from funk with gangster rap. Dr. Dre had always admired the work of such acts as Parliament and Funkadelic.

Dr. Dre released his second solo album, 2001, in 1999. Selling millions of copies, the recording proved to be a hit on both the hip-hop and pop charts. His fans, however, have been waiting years for his next release Detox. Some tracks from the forthcoming album has been leaked, but it has yet to make its official debut. Dr. Dre has claimed that this will be this final album.

Producer and Record Executive

Behind the scenes, Dr. Dre has been instrumental in launching the careers of numerous hip hop and rap artists. He acted as a track producer for many of the artists on Ruthless Records, a venture he started up with Eazy-E. Dr. Dre worked with Michel'le on her first album. With N.W.A., Dr. Dre helped produce much of the group's material.

With Marion "Suge" Knight, Dr. Dre co-founded the rap music empire known as Death Row Records in 1991. There he worked on the debut album of Snoop Dogg and Tupac Shakur's All Eyez on Me. In 1996, Dr. Dre left Death Row Records, escaping from the increasingly troublesome West Coast-East Coast rap feud. The conflict between West Coast and East Coast would eventually lead to the deaths of rappers Shakur and Biggie Smalls.

That same year, Dr. Dre established his own label, Aftermath Entertainment, in connection with Interscope Records. He signed numerous acts to Aftermath, but his two greatest successes came Eminem and 50 Cent. At first, Dr. Dre took flak for signing white rapper Eminem, but he soon proved the critics wrong. He produced several of Eminem's hit albums, including The Slim Shady LP (1999) and The Marshall Mathers LP